Transliteration:( Yaaa ayyuhal lazeena amanoo laa tatawallaw qawman ghadibal laahu 'alaihim qad ya'isoo minal aakhirati kamaa ya'isal kuffaaru min as haabil quboor )
“O you who believe! Do not make friends with people with whom Allah is wrathful [54]. Indeed, they are in despair of the Hereafter, just as the infidels are in despair [55] of those who are in the graves.”
This refers specifically to the disbelievers, particularly the Jews of that time, who had incurred the wrath of Allah due to their:
Rejection of Divine guidance,
Denial of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, despite knowing his truth from the Torah, and
Persisting in rebellion after receiving clear signs.
This wrath is not based on identity, but on their deliberate and arrogant opposition to what they knew to be the truth. Some interpretations link this to those among them who were transformed into apes and swine as a punishment for their disobedience [cf. Surah Al-Baqarah 2:65, Surah Al-Ma’idah 5:60].
These individuals are described as being in utter despair of the Hereafter, having lost all hope for salvation due to their stubborn rejection of faith.
Their condition is compared to the infidels in the graves, who — upon death — realize their error, but it's too late.
Just as the dead cannot act or repent,
These individuals, though alive, have closed their hearts and are spiritually dead, cut off from Allah’s mercy.
This illustrates the finality of their rejection and the severity of their hopelessness, similar to the despair of those who now know the reality after death but cannot return to correct their course.
The tafsir of Surah As-Saff verse 13 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Saff ayat 11 which provides the complete commentary from verse 11 through 13.
(60:13) Believers, do not make friends with those against whom Allah is wrathful and who are despaired of the Hereafter, as despaired as are the unbelievers lying in their graves.[24]
24. The words in the original can have two meanings:
First, that they have despaired of their well-being andrewards in the Hereafter just as the deniers of the life-afterdeathhave despaired of the resurrection of their near anddear ones, who are dead and gone into the graves. Thismeaning has been given by Abdullah bin Abbas and HasanBasri, Qatadah and Dahak.
The second meaning can be: They have despaired of the mercy and forgiveness of the Hereafter just as the disbelievers, who are Iying in the graves, have despaired of every good, for they are certain of their being involved in the punishment. This meaning has been related from Hadrat `Abdullah bin Mas’ud and from Mujahid, ‘Ikrimah, Ibn Zaid, Kalbi, Muqatil, Mansur (may Allah bless them all).
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