Transliteration:( Innal lazeena yubaayi'oonaka innamaa yubaayi'oonal laaha yadul laahi fawqa aydeehim; faman nakasa fainnamaa yankusu 'alaa nafsihee wa man awfaa bimaa 'aahada 'alaihullaaha fasa yu'teehi ajran 'azeemaa (section 1) )
23 By this allegiance is meant the allegiance Sworn by the Noble Companions in Baiatur Ridwaan which the Holy Prophet had taken from all the Ansar and Muliajireen at Hudaibiyya This allegiance was in respect of Jihad and not for Islam, the detailed discussion as to follow later from this, a few issues emerge.
1. All the Companions, and especially those who took part in the Baiatur Ridwaan are persons of lofty status Their total is fourteen hundred.
2. The Holy Prophet enjoys such closeness to Allah Almighty that the allegiance on the hand of the Holy Prophet allegiance on the hand Allah Almighty.
3. Hazrat Uthman (May Allah be pleased with him) is a person of tremendous status because this allegiance was swom because of him.
4. Swearing an oath of allegiance on the hands of the pious is the practice of the Noble Companions whether it is an allegiance of Islam of piety, of repentance, of good deed.
5. At the time of taking this oath it is sung to embrace one another. However, the oath of women will be administered verbally and they shall not be embraced.
24. Here, an impossible is suspended on the impossible Otherwise, those who swear allegiance with Allah Almighty cannot turn back. On the Day of the Covenant, Allah Almighty had taken an oath of allegiance from all the Prophets and had said to them: "Now who so turns away from this, they are the disobedient ones" (S3:V82).
This is impossible, because neither was there fear of the Prophets turning back nor the Companions turning hack on their word.
25. Allah be praised Every Companion of Bai atur Ridwaan established a fine example of faithfulness and duty everyone became entitled to a great reward as would be mentioned later on the topic of Bai'atur Ridwaan.
The tafsir of Surah Fath verse 10 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Fath ayat 8 which provides the complete commentary from verse 8 through 10.
17. The reference is to the pledge that the Prophet (peace be upon him) took from his companions at Hudaibiyah at the rumor that Uthman had been killed at Makkah. According to some traditions it was a pledge unto death, and according to others it was an undertaking that they would not turn away from the battlefield. The first thing has been reported from Salamah bin Akwa and the second from Ibn Umar, Jabir bin Abdullah and Maqil bin Yasar. The purport of both is the same. The companions had pledged allegiance on the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) hand with the express object that if the news of Uthman’s martyrdom proved to be true, they would settle the matter with the Quraish there and then even if they were cut to pieces in the clash. As on this occasion it was not yet certain whether Uthman actually had been killed or was still living, the Prophet (peace be upon him) placed one of his own hands on the other and pledged allegiance on his behalf, and thus bestowed a unique honor on Uthman in that he made Uthman a partner in the pledge by making his own sacred hand represent the hand of Uthman. The Prophet’s (peace be upon him) taking the pledge of allegiance on his behalf necessarily meant that he had full confidence that if Uthman had been present he would certainly have pledged the allegiance.
18. That is, the hand on which the Muslims were swearing allegiance was not the hand of the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) person but of Allah’s representative, and this allegiance was in fact being sworn to Allah through His Messenger.
19. Here, instead of alaih-illah the words used in the original are alaih-ullah, which is a departure from the general rule of Arabic. Allama Alusi has given two reasons for the unusual use of the vowel points here. First, the object on this special occasion is to express the great glory, eminence and majesty of the Being to Whom the pledge was being sworn for which alaih-u is more appropriate than alaih-i; second, the ha in alaih-i actually represents vowel, therefore, adhering here to the vowel points of the original goes well with the theme of the allegiance.
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