Transliteration:( Lahoo mu'aqqibaatum mim baini yadaihi wa min khalfihee yahfazoonahoo min amril laah; innal laaha laa yughaiyiru maa biqawmin hattaa yughaiyiroo maa bianfusihim; wa izaaa araadal laahu biqawmin sooo'an falaa maradda lah; wa maa lahum min dooniheeminw waal )
28. Sixty or less angels are assigned to each human being for his protection, and two angels are assigned to each person who has reached the age of puberty and intelligence to record the good and bad deeds. Says Allah Almighty: "One sitting on the right and another at left" (S50 V17) After the Fajr Salaah the angels of the right depart, while after the Asr Salaah the angels of the day depart. In addition in Fajr and Asr angels of the day and night meet. Says Allah Almighty: "No doubt angels are present in the QUR'AAN of the dawn". (S17:V78)Â
29. This tells us angels of protection are with cach person at all times. Therefore even when one person is being greeted the plural form of the pronoun is used so that the greeting is sent to the angels as well. These angels protect the human beings from the jinns and other calamities.
30. From this we learn that punishments come as a result of evil deeds. The devil was destroyed due to his disobedience. Bal'am Bawoor was destroyed due to disobedience. The people of Dawud (on whom be peace) were turned into monkeys and swine due to excessive sins.
31. This means that if Allah Almighty wants to destroy any infidel nation no power can save them Seeking medical treatment for illness or offering prayers during difficulties is not going contrary to this.
32. This tells us that the infidels have no helpers while many helpers, heirs, and guardians are appointed by Allah Almighty for the believers. The absence of helpers for the infidels is a means of punishment for them, from which the believers are protected.
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The tafsir of Surah Ar-Ra’d verse 11 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Rad ayat 10 which provides the complete commentary from verse 10 through 11.
18. That is, Allah not only directly watches over whatever each person does, and is fully aware of everything he does, but He has also appointed such guardians as accompany him everywhere and keep a full record of all his deeds. This has been stated here to warn those people who live their lives under the delusion that they have been left absolutely free to do whatever they like and shall not be required to render an account of what they did in this worldly life. The warning is that such people invite their own retribution.
19. This is to warn them further that they should not remain under any delusion that some holy person or saint or angel has the power to rescue them from divine retribution, for there is none who could defend them against Allah, even though they might have been paying homage and making offerings to their so called patrons and protectors in the hope that they would rescue them from punishment from Allah on the Day of Judgment.
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