Transliteration:( Zaalika wa man 'aaqaba bimisli maa 'ooqiba bihee summa bughiya 'alaihi la yansurannahul laah; innal laaha la 'Afuwwun Ghafoor )
"The thing is this, and whoso takes revenge the like of which he was tortured, and if he is transgressed again then surely Allah will help him. Indeed, Allah is Pardoning, Forgiving. [126]"
Reason for Revelation:
At the end of Muharram, the polytheists attacked the believers during the sacred months, when fighting was traditionally forbidden. The Muslims initially refrained, but when attacked, they were forced to defend themselves.
This verse was revealed to reassure the believers that their self-defense was justified, and that if oppressed again, they would receive Allah’s help.
It affirms that measured retaliation is allowed, but forgiveness and patience are even more virtuous, as Allah is Pardoning and Forgiving.
The tafsir of Surah Al-Hajj verse 60 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Hajj ayat 58 which provides the complete commentary from verse 58 through 60.
(22:60) That indeed is so, as for him who retaliates in proportion to the excess committed against him, and is thereafter again subjected to transgression, Allah will surely aid him.[104] Verily Allah is All-Pardoning, All-Forgiving.[105]
104. The preceding verses referred to those persecuted people who could not retaliate and here the reference is to those victims of persecution who could fight back.
From this verse, Imam Shafai has concluded that retaliation will be effected in the way as life was taken in the original act. If a person is killed by immersion in water, the killer also should be put to death by immersion in water; or if a person is burnt to death, the killer also will be burnt to death. The Hanafites dispute this. According to them, retaliation against a murderer will be incurred in one and the same established way no matter how life was taken by the culprit in the original act.
105. This verse (60) may imply two things:
(1) Allah forgives that killing which is done in self-defense, though killing of people is not a good thing in itself. (2) As Allah, Whose slaves the believers are, is Forgiving and Forbearing, they should also forgive and forbear as much as possible. Though they have the right of retaliation, they should not resort to carnage and massacre.
[937]- In spite of His ability to take vengeance. The statement contains a suggestion that the believers pardon as well.
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