Transliteration:( Wa in nakasooo aimaanahum mim ba'di 'ahdihim wa ta'anoo fee deenikum faqaatilooo a'immatal kufri innahum laaa aimaana lahum la'allahum yantahoon )
26. This means if a non-Muslim citizen in the Islamic state insults the dignity of the Holy Prophet or begins to raise objections about Islam it will be regarded as a breach of contract on his part. He will no longer be a protected citizen and becomes liable for death penalty. This is so because it is the responsibility of these protected citizen to respect Islam and its idealsÂ
27. This means declare war on those who insult the dignity of Islam and harass the Muslims From this one learns that the purpose of Holy War is not to destroy the infidels or compel them to accept Islam, but its real objective is to crush the power of these infidels
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12. But if they violate their oaths after their covenant, and attack your religion with disapproval and criticism, then fight (you) against the leaders of disbelief — for surely, their oaths are nothing to them — so that they may stop (evil actions).
Allah says, if the idolators with whom you conducted peace treaties for an appointed term break
(their oaths) meaning, terms of their treaties, and covenants
(and attack your religion…) with disapproval and criticism, it is because of this that one who curses the Messenger, peace be upon him, or attacks the religion of Islam by way of criticism and disapproval, they are to be fought. This is why Allah said afterwards,
(then fight (you) against the leaders of disbelief — for surely, their oaths are nothing to them — so that they may stop.) so that they may refrain from the disbelief, rebellion and the transgression they indulge in. Qatadah and others said that the leaders of disbelief were Abu Jahl, `Utbah and Shaybah, Umayyah bin Khalaf, and he went on to mention several others. Al-A`mash narrated from Zayd bin Wahb from Hudhayfah; “The people of this Ayah were never fought again.†A similar statement was reported from `Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him. However, this Ayah is general, even though the specific reason behind revealing it was the idolators of Quraysh. So this Ayah generally applies to them and others as well, Allah knows best. Al-Walid bin Muslim said that Safwan bin `Amr narrated that `Abdur-Rahman bin Jubayr bin Nufayr said that when Abu Bakr sent an army to Ash-Sham, he advised them, “You will find some people with shaved heads. Therefore, strike the swords upon the parts that contain the devil, for by Allah, it is better to me to kill one of these people than to kill seventy other men. This is because Allah said,
(then fight (you) against the leaders of disbelief.)†Ibn Abi Hatim collected it.
15. In the context, the words, oaths, and compacts mean the compact of the acceptance of Islam. Therefore, the question of making a new compact with them does not arise. As regards the old pacts, they had already broken all of them. It is on account of this that the declaration of immunity (from obligations) by Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him) has been clearly made. It has also been stated that such people are not worthy of any treaty and they can only be let off if they repent of their disbelief and shirk and establish Salat and pay Zakat dues. This verse states clearly how the renegades should be treated. As a matter of fact, this verse forestalled the mischief of apostasy that broke out a year and a half after its revelation and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) followed the guidance given in this verse to crush it.
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