Transliteration:( Wa minhum mai yalmizuka fis sadaqaati fa-in u'too minhaa radoo wa illam yu'taw minhaaa izaa hum yaskhatoon )
157. Reason for its revelation:
On one occasion the Holy Prophet was distributing the spoil of war. During the distribution Harqoos ibn Zaheer Tameemi who was known Zul Khu said Oh Messenger of Allah" exercise justice". This infuriated Hazrat Umar (May Allah be pleased with him) who sought permission to behead him but the Holy Prophet stopped him saying: From his progeny will be born such people who will excell you in performance of Salaah and recitation of the Holy OUR AAN but they would go out of the feld of Islam like a bow leaves the arrow. In response to ibn Tameemi this verse was revealed. From this we learn that raising an objection against any blessed act of the Holy Prophet is infidelity.Â
158. This tells us that being pleased with the in ones Holy Prophet worldly gain and being displeased when incuring a loss is a special sign of the hypocrite. Such a person never really declared faith in the but Messenger of Allah merely brought faith on his own selfish wishes. Such a person is worse than a dog because after being beaten by his master he does not abandon him.
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58. And of them are some who accuse you concerning (the distribution of) the alms. If they are given part thereof, they are pleased, but if they are not given thereof, behold! They are enraged! 59. Would that they were content with what Allah and His Messenger gave them and had said: “Allah is sufficient for us. Allah will give us of His bounty, and so will His Messenger. We implore Allah (to enrich us).”
Allah said next,
(And of them), among the hypocrites,
(who accuse you) or question your integrity,
(concerning), division of,
(the alms), when you divide them. They question your fairness, even though it is they who deserve that their integrity be questioned. The hypocrites do not do this in defense of the religion, but to gain more for themselves. This is why,
(If they are given) meaning, from the Zakah,
(They are pleased, but if they are not given thereof, behold! They are enraged!) ﴿9:58﴾, angry for themselves. Qatadah commented on Allah’s statement,
(And of them are some who accuse you concerning the alms. ) “Allah says, `Some of them question your integrity in the matter of distribution of the alms.’ We were told that a bedouin man, who had recently embraced Islam, came to the Prophet , when he was dividing some gold and silver, and said to him, `O Muhammad! Even though Allah commanded you to divide in fairness, you have not done so.’ The Prophet of Allah said,
(Woe to you! Who would be fair to you after me then) The Prophet of Allah said next,
(Beware of this man and his likes! There are similar persons in my Ummah who recite the Qur’an, but the Qur’an will not go beyond their throat. If they rise (against Muslims rulers) then kill them, if they rise, kill them, then if they rise kill them.) We were also told that the Prophet of Allah used to say,
(By He in Whose Hand is my life! I do not give or withhold anything; I am only a keeper.)” This statement from Qatadah is similar to the Hadith that the Two Shaykhs narrated from Abu Sa`id about the story of Dhul-Khuwaysirah, whose name was Hurqus. Hurqus protested against the Prophet’s division of the war spoils of Hunayn, saying, “Be fair, for you have not been fair!” The Prophet said,
(I would have become a loser and a failure if I was not fair!) The Messenger said after that man left,
(Among the offspring of this man will be some with whose prayer, when one of you sees it, would belittle his prayer, and his fast as compared to their fast. They will be renegades from the religion, just like an arrow goes through the game’s body. Wherever you find them, kill them, for verily, they are the worst dead people under the cover of the sky.) Allah said next, while directing such people to what is more beneficial for them than their behavior,
(Would that they were content with what Allah and His Messenger gave them and had said: “Allah is sufficient for us. Allah will give us of His bounty, and so will His Messenger (from alms). We implore Allah (to enrich us).”) This honorable Ayah contains a gracious type of conduct and an honorable secret. Allah listed; contentment with what He and His Messenger give, trusting in Allah alone — by saying;
(and they had said: Allah is sufficient for us), and hoping in Allah alone, and He made these the indications of obedience to the Messenger , adhering to his commands, avoiding his prohibitions, believing his narrations and following his footsteps.
(9:58) (O Prophet), some of them find fault with you in the distribution of alms. If they are given something of it they are pleased, and if they are given nothing they are angry.[57]
57. The people referred to were the hypocrites, who felt depressed on every occasion of the distribution of the Zakat collections, for they thought that they were not being given their due share. Then they would taunt the Prophet (peace be upon him) with making unfair distributions. This happened when the payment of Zakat was made an obligatory duty on all those Muslims whose possessions exceeded the prescribed limits. They were required to contribute from their agricultural products, animals, commercial commodities, minerals dug out of mines and the gold and silver they possessed, at different rates, varying from 2.5% to 20%, and all these were collected and spent in a systematic way from a central place.
As a result of this so much wealth flowed into the hands of a single person, the Prophet (peace be upon him), that it had no parallel in the whole territory of Arabia. Naturally the materialists looked at these things with greedy eyes and wanted to grab as much as possible out of this wealth. But their greed could not be satisfied, for the Prophet (peace be upon him), who had made the use of Zakat fund unlawful for his own person and for his own relatives, could not be expected to give anything out of it to anyone who did not deserve it. It is thus obvious that they found fault with the Prophet (peace be upon him) not because he was unfair in the distribution of the Zakat collections but because he did not allow the hypocrites to grab anything from these without any right to them. They, however, very cunningly hid their real grievance, and accused the Prophet (peace be upon him) of showing partiality and injustice in the distribution of the Zakat collection.
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