Transliteration:( maa kaana lilmushrikeena ai ya'muroo masaajidal laahi shaahideena 'alaaa anfusihim bilkufr; ulaaa'ika habitat a'maaluhum wa fin naari hum khaalidoon )
36. From this we learn the infidels are not permitted to worship in the Muslim mosques, nor should donation be taken from them in respect of the mosques. This is so because construction of the mosques and to perform Salaah therein are all part of establishing the mosques, and only Muslims are entitled to carry out these activities.
 Likewise, only Muslims should be employed for mosque duties. The permission which the Holy Prophet granted a Jewish youth to sweep the mosque was based in the hope of his conversion to Islam. Worship in the Masjid-e-Nabawi by a group of Christians from Najraan was not done at the Holy Prophet's permission but on their own accord However, once they had began worshipping they were not stopped, just as when one Bedoin had started urinating in the mosque was not stopped but was allowed to complete this vile deed after which the mosque was throughly washed.
37. This means idolatory and precincts of the mosque cannot become one attachment, nor can their people be brought together. This law is pertaining to all the infidels, even though they may be including themselves with the Muslims like the, Mirzais, etc or those who are excluded like the Jews, etc.
38. From this we learn that good deeds of the infidels like rending service at the mosque. building guest houses (MUSAFIR KHANA) providing wells, etc. are of no benefit to them. as none of these will be rewardable. However, there would be a reduction in punishment for some of the infidels resulting from their good deeds eg. Hazrat Abu Talib, etc who are given light punishment.
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17. It is not for the Mushrikin, to maintain the Masjids of Allah, while they witness against themselves of disbelief. The works of such are in vain and in Fire shall they abide. 18. The Masjids of Allah shall be maintained only by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day; perform the Salah, and give Zakah and fear none but Allah. It is they who are on true guidance.
Allah says that it is not fitting that those who associate others with Allah in worship should maintain the Masjids of Allah that were built in His Name alone without partners. Those who read the Ayah, “Masjid Allahâ€, said that it refers to Al-Masjid Al-Haram, the most honored Masjid on the earth, which was built, from the first day, for the purpose of worshipping Allah alone without partners. It was built by Khalil Ar-Rahman (the Prophet Ibrahim) peace be upon him. The idolators do this while they themselves testify to their disbelief with their statements and actions. As-Suddi said, “If you ask a Christian, `What is your religion’, He will tell you he is a Christian. If you ask a Jew about his religion, he will say he is a Jew, and the same for a Sabi’ and a Mushrik!â€â€™
(The works of such are in vain), because of their Shirk,
(and in Fire shall they abide.) Allah said in another Ayah,
(And why should not Allah punish them while they hinder (men) from Al-Masjid Al-Haram, and they are not its guardians None can be its guardians except those with Taqwa, but most of them know not.)ï´¿8:34ï´¾.
Allah said,
(The Masjids of Allah shall be maintained only by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day.) Therefore, Allah testifies to the faith of those who maintain the Masjids. `Abdur-Razzaq narrated that `Amr bin Maymun Al-Awdi said, “I met the Companions of the Prophet and they were saying, `The Masjids are the Houses of Allah on the earth. It is a promise from Allah that He is generous to those who visit Him in the Masjids.,†Allah said next,
(perform the Salah), one of the major acts of worship practiced by the body,
(and give the Zakah), which is the best act that benefits other people,
(and fear none but Allah), they fear only Allah, the Exalted, and none else,
(It is they who are on true guidance.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said about Allah’s statement,
(The Masjids of Allah shall be maintained only by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day;) “He who singles out Allah (in worship), has faith in the Last Day.†﴿And he said﴾; “He who believes in what Allah has revealed,
(perform the Salah), establishes the five daily prayers,
(and fear none but Allah.), worships Allah alone,
(it may be they who are on true guidance.) Allah says, `It is they who are the successful ones in truth.’ Similarly, Allah said to His Prophet ,
(It may be that your Lord will raise you to Maqam Mahmud)ï´¿17:79ï´¾. Allah says here, `Your Lord (O Muhammad) shall grant you a station of praise, that is, the intercession (on the Day of Resurrection).’ Every `might’ in the Qur’an means `shall’.â€
19. This lays down the general principle for the guardianship of the places of worship that have been built exclusively for the worship of Allah. Obviously, those people who associate others with Allah in His essence, His rights and His powers cannot be the proper persons to be the guardians, the servants, the managers etc. of such sacred places. And when they themselves reject the invitations to Tauhid, and openly declare that they are not going to dedicate their worship and obedience exclusively o Allah, they automatically forfeit any right they had for the guardianship of such places of worship that had been built for the worship of Allah alone. Though the principle is of a general nature, it has been mentioned here with the particular object of removing the mushriks from the guardianship of the Kaabah and Masjid-i-Haram and establishing permanently the guardianship of the worshipers of one God over them.
20. “Their deeds have become worthlessâ€: including the little real service they did to the house of Allah because they mixed with it shirk and other practices of ignorance. Their little good was destroyed by their far greater evils.
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