Quran Quote  : 

Quran-9:120 Surah At-tawbah English Translation,Transliteration and Tafsir(Tafseer).

Transliteration:( Maa kaana li ahlil Madeenati wa man hawlahum minal A'raabi ai yatakhallafoo 'ar-Rasoolil laahi wa laa yarghaboo bi anfusihim 'an nafsih; zaalika bi annahum laa yuseebuhum zama unw wa laa nasabunw wa laa makhmasatun fee sabeelil laahi wa laa yata'oona mawti'ai yagheezul kuffaara wa laa yanaaloona min 'aduwwin nailan illaa kutiba lahum bihee 'amalun saalih; innal laaha laa yudee'u ajral muhsineen )

120. It was not proper for the inhabitants of Madina (336), and those around them (337), to remain sitting behind (338), the Messenger of Allah, nor that they should consider their own lives more dearer (339), than his life. This is so because whatever they face as thirst or distress or hunger (340), in the way of Allah or where they take a step on a place which enrages (341), the infidels for all these things (342), a good deed is written (343). for them. Surely, Allah wastes not the reward of the doers of good (344).

Related Ayat(Verses)/Topics

Surah At-Tawbah Ayat 120 Tafsir (Commentry)



  • Tafseer-e-Naeemi (Ahmad Yaar Khan)
  • Ibn Kathir
  • Ala-Madudi

336. By people of Madina is meant those who reside therein, be they the Muhajereen (Emigrants) or Ansaar the helper from this emerge two issues:

1. Allah Almighty is including those Muslims too as people of Madina Munawwarah who have emigrated to it and stay therein with sincerety and faith

2. If a poor person performs his Hajj it will be regarded as fulfilled because a Muslims arriving in Makka becomes its resident, and wealth is not an obligatory condition for Hajj for a Makkan

337. By this is meant during the Battle of Tabuk It was obligatory upon every resident of Madina, whether Muhajir or Ansars, to under take the journey to Tabuk with the Messenger  of Allah صلى الله عليه وآله وست

338. By this is meant without religious constraint or helplessness viz. old age, ill health or childhood or the order of the Holy Prophet himself to stay behind in Madina as his deputy Examples of this is the absence of Hazrat Uthman e Ghani (May Allah be pleased with him) 

From the Battle of Badr, and the absence of Hazrat All Murtaza May Allah be pleased with him from the Battle of Tabuk.

 This restriction is being related in the next half of this verse,

339. Infact it was compulsory upon them to sacrifice their lives for the Holy Prophet at as the moth dies for the light 

340. Holy War, Fasting. Hajj, journey for acquisition of knowledge are all included as acts performed to gain the pleasure of Allah Almighty. However, here Holy War is intended as understood from its context.

341. By this is meant enter the territory of the infidels as conquerors so as to burn their hearts. From this we learn that just as pleasing the Friends of Allah almighty is an act of worship. displeasing and inflaming the hearts of His enemies too is an act of worship 

342. This includes of the infidels, wounding them. imprisoning them. seizing their spoils of war, etc all of which are acts of worship.

343. This tells us that every act of a Muslim soldier is work of worship as is related in the Hadith, and it is hoped from the Mercy of Allah Almighty that He will grant this status to the journey of Hajj and journey for the acquisition of knowledge, as all these journeys are in the way of Allah Almighty

344. From this we learn that Jihad or Holy War is an act of sublime worship and the one participating in it is a great benefactor should be remembered that Holy War is beneficial to the believer as well as to the non-believer

 

Ibn-Kathir

120. It was neither befitting for the people of Al-Madinah and the bedouins of the neighborhood to remain behind Allah’s Messenger nor to prefer their own lives to his life. That is because they suffer neither Zama’ nor Nasab, nor Makhmasah in the cause of Allah, nor did they take any step to raise the anger of disbelievers nor inflict any injury upon an enemy, but is written to their credit as a deed of righteousness. Surely, Allah wastes not the reward of the doers of good.

Rewards of Jihad

Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, criticizes the people of Al-Madinah and the bedouins around it, who did not participate in the battle of Tabuk with the Messenger of Allah . They sought to preserve themselves rather than comfort the Messenger during the hardship that he suffered in that battle. They incurred a loss in their share of the reward, since,

﴿لاَ يُصِيبُهُمْ ظَمَأٌ﴾

(they suffer neither Zama’), thirst,

﴿وَلاَ نَصَبٌ﴾

(nor Nasab), fatigue,

﴿وَلاَ مَخْمَصَةٌ﴾

(nor Makhmasah), hunger,

﴿وَلاَ يَطَأُونَ مَوْطِئًا يَغِيظُ الْكُفَّارَ﴾

(nor they take any step to raise the anger of disbelievers), by strategies of war that would terrify their enemy,

﴿وَلاَ يَنَالُونَ﴾

(nor inflict), a defeat on the enemy,

﴿إِلاَّ كُتِبَ لَهُمْ﴾

(but is written to their credit) as compensation for these steps that are not under their control, but a consequence of performing good deeds that earn them tremendous rewards,

﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ﴾

(Surely, Allah wastes not the reward of the doers of good.) Allah said in a similar Ayah,

﴿إِنَّا لاَ نُضِيعُ أَجْرَ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ عَمَلاً﴾

(Certainly We shall not make the reward of anyone who does his (righteous) deeds in the most perfect manner to be lost)

(9:120) It did not behove the people of Madinah and the bedouin Arabs around them that they should refrain from accompanying the Messenger of Allah and stay behind and prefer their own security to his. For whenever they suffer from thirst or weariness or hunger in the Way of Allah, and whenever they tread a place which enrages the unbelievers (whenever anything of this comes to pass), a good deed is recorded in their favour. Allah does not cause the work of the doers of good to go to waste.

There is no commentary by Abul Maududi available for this verse.

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