Transliteration:( Wa iz ja'alnal Baita masaabatal linnaasi wa amnanw wattakhizoo mim Maqaami Ibraaheema musallaaa; wa 'ahidnaaa ilaaa Ibraaheema wa Ismaa'eela an tahhiraa Baitiya littaaa'ifeena wal'aakifeena warrukka'is sujood )
251. From this verse we learn that Muslims throughout the world turn towards the Ka'bahh for the fulfilment of all their religious obligations, they undertake its journey to perform their Hajj and Umrah, turn towards it when offering their prayers and duas, and are buried facing towards it. Not only are all forms of killings and plundering prohibited therein; it is also a sanctuary for a believer and a protection from Allah's punishment.
252.'Maqaam e Ebrahim' is that stone on which Hazrat Ebrahim, had stood to build the Ka'bahh and is to date found near the Ka'bah. By 'Station of prayer' is meant Nafl Salaah or Tawaaf should be offered in this sacred ground as is the practice of the pilgrims to this day. From this, one learns that any stone on which the blessed feet of a Prophet have fallen is sanctified. Furthermore even in Salaah respect and veneration of non-godly things is allowed as is the case with Maqaam-e Ebrahim. Thus, the veneration of the Holy Prophet,in Salaah will not nullify it but instead will help to reach its excellence.
Also if a mere stone can gain sanctity through the touch of a Prophet, how great must be the status of the beloved wives of the Holy Prophet.
253. From this verse one learns that the mosques should be kept clean and pure at all times. No filthy thing should be brought within its precincts. This has been the practice of the Prophets. Furthermore, it helps to expound that I'tikaaf is an act of worship and that the Salaah of the Previous Ummahs, too, included Ruku and Sajdah. In addition, it helps us to know that Mosques should have trustees consisting of pious people.
254. This verse is a clear instruction to maintain the Haram Shareef, pure and clean for those who offer their Salaah, seat for I'tikaaf. make Tawaaf. From this one learns that Salaah, Tawaaf, I'tikaaf are being performed since ancient times, even during the time of Hazrat Ebrahim
125. And (remember) when We made the House (the Ka`bah at Makkah) a place of resort for mankind and a place of safety. And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (or the stone on which Ibrahim as a place). And We commanded Ibrahim (Abraham) and Isma`il (Ishmael) that they should purify My House (the Ka`bah at Makkah) for those who are circumambulating it, or staying (I`tikaf), or bowing or prostrating themselves (there, in prayer).
Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas commented on Allah’s statement,
(And (remember) when We made the House (the Ka`bah at Makkah) a place of resort for mankind) “They do not remain in the House, they only visit it and return to their homes, and then visit it again.†Also, Abu Ja`far Ar-Razi narrated from Ar-Rabi` bin Anas from Abu Al-`Aliyah who said that,
(And (remember) when We made the House (the Ka`bah at Makkah) a place of resort for mankind and a place of safety) means, “Safe from enemies and armed conflict. During the time of Jahiliyyah, the people were often victims of raids and kidnapping, while the people in the area surrounding it (Al-Masjid Al-Haram) were safe and not subject to kidnapping.†Also, Mujahid, `Ata’, As-Suddi, Qatadah and Ar-Rabi` bin Anas were reported to have said that the Ayah (2:125) means, “Whoever enters it shall be safe.â€
This Ayah indicates that Allah honored the Sacred House, which Allah made as a safe refuge and safe haven. Therefore, the souls are eager, but never bored, to conduct short visits to the House, even every year. This is because Allah accepted the supplication of His Khalil, Ibrahim, when he asked Allah to make the hearts of people eager to visit the House. Ibrahim said (14:40),
(Our Lord! And accept my invocation).
(And (remember) when We showed Ibrahim the site of the (Sacred) House (the Ka`bah at Makkah) (saying): “Associate not anything (in worship) with Me…â€) (22:26) and,
(Verily, the first House (of worship) appointed for mankind was that at Bakkah (Makkah), full of blessing, and a guidance for Al-`Alamin (mankind and Jinn). In it are manifest signs (for example), the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim; whosoever enters it, he attains security) (3:96-97).
The last honorable Ayah emphasized the honor of Ibrahim’s Maqam, and the instruction to pray next to it,
(And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer). The Maqam of Ibrahim
Sufyan Ath-Thawri reported that Sa`id bin Jubayr commented on the Ayah,
(And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim as a place of prayer) “The stone (Maqam) is the standing place of Ibrahim, Allah’s Prophet, and a mercy from Allah. Ibrahim stood on the stone, while Isma`il was handing him the stones (constructing the Ka`bah).â€As-Suddi said, “The Maqam of Ibrahim is a stone which Isma`il’s wife put under Ibrahim’s feet when washing his head.†Al-Qurtubi mentioned this, but he considered it unauthentic, although others gave it prefrence, Ar-Razi reported it in his Tafsir from Al-Hasan Al-Basri, Qatadah, and Ar-Rabi` bin Anas.
Ibn Abi Hatim reported that Jabir, describing the Hajj (pilgrimage) of the Prophet said, “When the Prophet performed Tawaf, `Umar asked him, `Is this the Maqam of our father’ He said, `Yes.’ `Umar said, `Should we take it a place of prayer’ So Allah revealed,
(And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham) as a place of prayer.â€)
Al-Bukhari said, “Chapter: Allah’s statement,
(And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham) as a place of prayer) meaning, they return to it repeatedly.†He then narrated that Anas bin Malik said that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said, “I agreed with my Lord, or my Lord agreed with me, regarding three matters. I said, `O Messenger of Allah! I wish you take the Maqam of Ibrahim a place for prayer.’ The Ayah,
(And take you (people) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham)) was revealed. I also said, `O Messenger of Allah! The righteous and the wicked enter your house. I wish you would command the Mothers of the believers (the Prophet’s wives) to wear Hijab. Allah sent down the Ayah that required the Hijab. And when I knew that the Prophet was angry with some of his wives, I came to them and said, `Either you stop what you are doing, or Allah will endow His Messenger with better women than you are.’ I advised one of his wives and she said to me, `O `Umar! Does the Messenger of Allah not know how to advise his wives, so that you have to do the job instead of him’ Allah then revealed,
(It may be if he divorced you (all) that his Lord will give him instead of you, wives better than you, ـ Muslims (who submit to Allah)).†(66:5)
Also, Ibn Jarir narrated that Jabir said, “After the Messenger of Allah kissed the Black Stone, he went around the house three times in a fast pace and four times in a slow pace. He then went to Maqam of Ibrahim, with it between him and the House, and prayed two Rak`ahs.†This is part of the long Hadith that Muslim recorded in Sahih. Al-Bukhari recorded that `Amr bin Dinar said that he heard Ibn `Umar say, “The Messenger of Allah performed Tawaf around the House seven times and then prayed two Rak`ahs behind the Maqam.â€
All these texts indicate that the Maqam is the stone that Ibrahim was standing on while building the House. As the House’s walls became higher, Isma`il brought his father a stone, so that he could stand on it, while Isma`il handed him the stones. Ibrahim would place the stones on the wall, and whenever he finished one side, he would move to the next side, to complete the building all around. Ibrahim kept repeating this until he finished building the House, as we will describe when we explain the story of Ibrahim and Isma`il and how they built the House, as narrated from Ibn `Abbas and collected by Al-Bukhari. Ibrahim’s footprints were still visible in the stone, and the Arabs knew this fact during the time of Jahiliyyah. This is why Abu Talib said in his poem known as `Al-Lamiyyah’, “And Ibrahim’s footprint with his bare feet on the stone is still visible.â€
The Muslims also saw Ibrahim’s footprints on the stone, as Anas bin Malik said, “I saw the Maqam with the print of Ibrahim’s toes and feet still visible in it, but the footprints dissipated because of the people rubbing the stone with their hands.â€
Earlier, the Maqam was placed close to the Ka`bah’s wall. In the present time, the Maqam is placed next to Al-Hijr on the right side of those entering through the door.
When Ibrahim finished building the House, he placed the stone next to the wall of Al-Ka`bah. Or, when the House was finished being built, Ibrahim just left the stone where it was last standing, and he was commanded to pray next to the stone when he finished the Tawaf (circumambulating). It is understandable that the Maqam of Ibrahim would stand where the building of the House ended. The Leader of the faithful `Umar bin Al-Khattab, one of the Four Rightly Guided Caliphs whom we were commanded to emulate, moved the stone away from the Ka`bah’s wall during his reign. `Umar is one of the two men, whom the Messenger of Allah described when he said,
(Imitate the two men who will come after me: Abu Bakr and `Umar.)
`Umar was also the person whom the Qur’an agreed with regarding praying next to Maqam of Ibrahim. This is why none among the Companions rejected it when he moved it.
`Abdur-Razzaq reported from Ibn Jurayj from `Ata’, “`Umar bin Al-Khattab moved the Maqam back.†Also, `Abdur-Razzaq narrated that Mujahid said that `Umar was the first person who moved the Maqam back to where it is now standing.†Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr, Ahmad bin `Ali bin Al-Husayn Al-Bayhaqi recorded `A’ishah saying, “During the time of the Messenger of Allah and Abu Bakr, the Maqam was right next to the House. `Umar moved the Maqam during his reign.†This Hadith has an authentic chain of narration. i
126. ‘Purify My House’ does not merely mean keeping it clean of dirt and filth. The real purity and cleanliness of the House of God rests in the fact that in it the name of God alone should be glorified. If someone declares in its sacred precincts that anything other than God is his Lord, his object of worship and adoration, the dispenser of man’s needs and requirements, the hearer of man’s supplications, then such a person is guilty of desecrating the House of God.
This verse also contains a hint as to the evil-doing of the people of the Quraysh. They boasted that they were the inheritors of the legacy of Abraham and Ishmael, but instead of being faithful to that legacy, they actually trampled over it. So, just as the Children of Israel were excluded from the promise made to Abraham, so were the polytheistic children of Ishmael. See also (Surah Al-Baqarah, ayat 124) note 125.
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