Transliteration:( Zaalika al lam yakkur Rabbuka muhlikal quraa bizulminw wa ahluhaa ghaafiloon )
291. The accountability from the man on the Day of Judgement will take place not because Allah Almighty is not aware of the deeds of man, but just as punishment in the world does not come on the ignorant, in the Hereafter too the criminals and sinners will be proven guilty of their crimes and sins and then punished.
292. In this verse two issues are dealt with:
1. Allah Almighty does not send down punishment ent without evil doings of man.
2. No person will be punished for evil doings if propagation of prophets had not reached him. Thus the deceased minor children of the polytheists will not be sent into Hell. Similarly, parents of the Holy Prophet and those who died on the Unity of Allah Almighty prior to the propagation of Islam will not be sent into Hell. This is the established law for the punishment in this world and for the Hereafter. Calamities are not a punishment for children and pious people but a mercy of Allah.
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131. This is because your Lord would not destroy the (populations of) towns for their wrongdoing while their people were unaware. 132. For all there will be degrees according to what they did. And your Lord is not unaware of what they do.) Allah said,
(This is because your Lord would not destroy the (populations of) towns for their wrongdoing while their people were unaware. ) meaning: `We sent the Messengers and revealed the Books to the Jinns and mankind, so that no one has an excuse that he is being punished for his wrongs although he did not receive Allah’s Message. Therefore, We did not punish any of the nations, except after sending Messengers to them, so that they have no excuse.’ Allah said in other Ayat,
(And there never was a nation but a warner had passed among them.) ﴿35:24﴾, and
(And verily, We have sent among every Ummah a Messenger (proclaiming): “Worship Allah, and stay away from At-Taghut (all false deities).”) ﴿16:36﴾, and
(And We never punish until We have sent a Messenger.) ﴿17:15﴾, and,
(Every time a group is cast therein, its keeper will ask: “Did no warner come to you” They will say: “Yes, indeed a warner did come to us, but we belied him.”) ﴿67:8-9﴾ There are many other Ayat on this subject. At-Tabari said, “Allah’s statement,
(For all there will be degrees according to what they did.) means, every person who obeys Allah or behaves disobediently, has grades and ranks according to their works, which Allah gives them as recompense, good for good and evil for evil.” I say, it is possible that Allah’s statement,
(For all there will be degrees according to what they did.) refers to the disbelievers of the Jinns and mankind who will earn a place in the Fire according to their evil deeds. Allah said,
(He will say: “For each one there is double (torment).”)﴿7:38﴾, and,
(Those who disbelieved and hinder (others) from the path of Allah, for them We will add torment to the torment because they used to spread corruption.) ﴿16:88﴾ Allah said next,
(And your Lord is not unaware of what they do.) Ibn Jarir commented, “All these deeds that they did, O Muhammad, they did while your Lord is aware of them, and He collects and records these deeds with Him, so that He recompenses them when they meet Him and return to Him.
(6:131) (They will be made to bear this witness to show that) it is not the way of your Lord to destroy cities unjustly while their people were unaware of the Truth.[100]
100. God does not want His creatures to have any valid reason to complain that He had left them ignorant of the Right Way, and then convicted them of error. God has forestalled any such grievance by sending Prophets and revealing Holy Books to warn both jinn and human beings. If people continue to falter in spite of God’s arrangements for their guidance, they themselves are to blame for the punishment they will receive, and they have no justification for blaming their misfortune on God.
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