Transliteration:( Qul aghairal laahi abghee Rabbanw wa Huwa Rabbu kulli shaiyy'; wa laa taksibu kullu nafsin illaa 'alaihaa; wa laa taziru waaziratunw wizra ukhraa; summa ilaa Rabbikum marji'ukum fa yunabbi'ukum bimaa kuntum feehi takhtalifoon )
389. Reason for its revelation:
Waleed Bin Mugheerah asked the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وآله وسلم to come into the fold of the religion of their forefathers. If this instituted a sin he would be responsible for it, and you would be free of its responsibility. In reply to this the above verse was revealed.
390. This means that it is forbidden to convey the punishment of your evil doings to others. This cannot be assumed with piety. To convey the rewards of good deeds is not only lawful but is Sunnat to do so.
391. By this is meant by making the criminal free of his crime, otherwise the transgressor will be held guilty with the transgressors.
Says Allah Almighty: "And undoubtedly, they shall surely bear their burdens...." (S29:V13).that would be his own burden for committing the transgression, not of others. Likewise, the perpetrator of the crime will be punished with the rest of the criminals, but that punishment too would be as a result of his crime. It could also mean that no person would be happy to accept the burden of the sins of others. This would be placed upon him from Allah Almighty. Thus there is no inconsistency between these verses, nor between the verses and Hadith.
392. Allah's practical judgement will take place on the Day of Judgement, His verbal judgement has already taken place in this world.
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164. Say: “Shall I seek a lord other than Allah, while He is the Lord of all things No person earns any (sin) except against himself (only), and no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another. Then unto your Lord is your return, so He will tell you that wherein you have been differing.”
Allah said,
(Say), O Muhammad , to those idolators, about worshipping Allah alone and trusting in Him,
(Shall I seek a lord other than Allah…) ﴿6:164﴾,
(while He is the Lord of all things ) and Who protects and saves me and governs all my affairs But, I only trust in Him and go back to Him, because He is the Lord of everything, Owner of all things and His is the creation and the decision. This Ayah commands sincerely trusting Allah, while the Ayah before it commands sincerely worshipping Allah alone without partners. These two meanings are often mentioned together in the Qur’an. Allah directs His servants to proclaim,
(You (alone) we worship, and You (alone) we ask for help (for each and every thing).) ﴿1:5﴾ Allah said,
(So worship Him and put your trust in Him.) ﴿11:123﴾, and
(Say: “He is the Most Gracious (Allah), in Him we believe, and in Him we put our trust”.) ﴿67:29﴾, and,
(Lord of the east and the west; none has the right to be worshipped but He. So take Him a guardian.) ﴿73:9﴾ There are similar Ayat on this subject.
Allah said,
(No person earns any (sin) except against himself (only), and no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another.) thus emphasizing Allah’s reckoning, decision and justice that will occur on the Day of Resurrection. The souls will only be recompensed for their deeds, good for good and evil for evil. No person shall carry the burden of another person, a fact that indicates Allah’s perfect justice. Allah said in other Ayat,
(And if one heavily laden calls another to (bear) his load, nothing of it will be lifted even though he be near of kin.) ﴿35:18﴾, and,
(Then he will have no fear of injustice, nor of any curtailment (of his reward).) ﴿20:112﴾ Scholars of Tafsir commented, “No person will be wronged by carrying the evil deeds of another person, nor will his own good deeds be curtailed or decreased.” Allah also said;
(Every person is a pledge for what he has earned. Except those on the Right.) ﴿74:38-39﴾, meaning, every person will be tied to his evil deeds. But, for those on the right — the believers — the blessing of their good works will benefit their offspring and relatives, as well. Allah said in Surat At-Tur,
(And those who believe and whose offspring follow them in faith, to them shall We join their offspring, and We shall not decrease the reward of their deeds in anything.) ﴿52:21﴾, meaning, We shall elevate their offspring to their high grades in Paradise, even though the deeds of the offspring were less righteous, since they shared faith with them in its general form. Allah says, We did not decrease the grades of these righteous believers so that those (their offspring and relatives) who have lesser grades, can share the same grades as them. Rather Allah elevated the lesser believers to the grades of their parents by the blessing of their parents’ good works, by His favor and bounty. Allah said next (in Surat At-Tur),
(Every person is a pledge for that which he has earned.) ﴿52:21﴾, meaning, of evil. Allah’s statement here,
(Then unto your Lord is your return, so He will tell you that wherein you have been differing.) means, work you (disbelievers), and we will also work. Surely, both you and us will be gathered to Allah and He will inform us of our deeds and your deeds and the decision on what we used to dispute about in the life of this world. Allah said in other Ayat,
(Say: “You will not be asked about our sins, nor shall we be asked of what you do.” Say: “Our Lord will assemble us all together, then He will judge between us with truth. And He is the Just Judge, the All-Knower of the true state of affairs.”) ﴿34:25-26﴾.
(6:164) Say: ‘Shall I seek someone other than Allah as Lord when He is the Lord of everything?’[144] Everyone will bear the consequence of what he does, and no one shall bear the burden of another. [145] Thereafter, your return will be to your Lord, whereupon He will let you know what you disagreed about.
144. Since God is the Lord of the entire universe, how could anyone be His lord? Since the entire universe is yoked to obedience to God, man is an integral part of the universe, how can he reasonably, look for another lord in that area of his life in which he uses his own volition,ind judgement? Is it appropriate for him to move in diametrical opposition to the entire universe?
145. Every person is responsible for whatever he does; and no one is responsible for the deeds of others.
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