Transliteration:( Sayaqoolul lazeena ashrakoo law shaaa'al laahu maaa ashraknaa wa laaa aabaaa'unaa wa laa harramnaa min shai'; kazaalika kazzabal lazeena min qablihim hattaa zaaqoo ba'sanaa; qul hal 'indakum min 'ilmin fatukh rijoohu lanaa in tattabi'oona illaz zanna wa in antum illaa takhhrusoon )
338. In this verse there is a prophecy i.e. whatever the polytheists were about to say in the future was being foretold.
339. In this verse fate or Divine will means. approval. Thus they have been refuted. Otherwise, everything good and evil in this world is in accordance with the Divine will. These infidels were wagging their tongues that Allah Almighty approves of their infidelity. Hence. they were liars. The infidels were unable to distinguish between fate and approval. because fate in reality is one thing while approval is something else. Everything in this world and all our work takes place due to the will and the intention of Allah Almighty, though everything is certainly not in accordance with this expressed desire.
340. This means that to endeavor to prove the permissibility of sins results in severe punishment of Allah. Those Arabs committed infidelity and then tried to prove that this was approved by Allah Almighty. Hence, they were entitled to and deserving of severe Divine punishment.
341. It should be remembered that the approval and the desire of Allah Almighty is that which is conveyed through the Prophets. However. Prophets are not sent to reveal fate. If Allah Almighty had approved of it. He would have proclaimed this through His Prophets. Thus there is a big difference between fate and desire.
342. From this, we learn to seek proof from the liar. to prove his lies is permissible. Thus to demand miracles from a false prophet so as to prove that he is an imposter: and to ask fortune tellers about things of the unseen in an effort to disgrace them are not only permissible but an act of reward. However, if this is done as a means of acceptance thereof, or on the basis of doubt, it is an act of infidelity. Hence, the meaning of this Quranic verse is quite clear. and the verdicts of the jurists against this are not incorrect.
343. From this, we learn conjecture. analogy. gives work. etc are not sufficient for beliefs they have to be based on conclusion religious proofs.
148. Those who committed Shirk say: “If Allah had willed, we would not have commited Shirk, nor would our fathers, and we would not have forbidden anything (against His will).” Likewise belied those who were before them, till they tasted Our wrath. Say: “Have you any knowledge (proof) that you can produce before us Verily, you follow the Zann and you do nothing but lie.” 149. Say: “With Allah is the perfect proof and argument; had He so willed, He would indeed have guided you all.” 150. Say: “Bring forward your witnesses, who can testify that Allah has forbidden this.” Then if they testify, do not testify with them. And do not follow the vain desires of those who belie Our Ayat, and such as believe not in the Hereafter, and they hold others as equal with their Lord.
Here Allah mentioned a debate with the idolators, refuting a false notion they have over their Shirk and the things that they prohibited. They said, surely, Allah has full knowledge of the Shirk we indulge in, and that we forbid some kinds of wealth. Allah is able to change this Shirk by directing us to the faith, – they claimed – and prevent us from falling into disbelief, but He did not do that. Therefore – they said Allah indicated that He willed, decided and agreed that we do all this. They said,
(“If Allah had willed, we would not have taken partners (in worship) with Him, nor would our fathers, and we would not have forbidden anything.”) Allah said in another Ayah,
(And they said: “If it had been the will of the Most Gracious (Allah), we should not have worshipped them (false deities)”) ﴿43:20﴾. Similar is mentioned in Surat An-Nahl. Allah said next,
(Likewise belied those who were before them,) for by using and relying on this understanding, the misguided ones before them were led astray. This notion is false and ungrounded, for had it been true, Allah would not have harmed them, destroyed them, aided His honorable Messengers over them, and made them taste His painful punishment.
(Say: “Have you any knowledge…”) that Allah is pleased with you and with your ways,
(that you can produce before us.) and make it plain, apparent and clear for us. However,
(Verily, you only follow the Zann) doubts and wishful thinking,
(and you do nothing but lie) about Allah in the false claims that you utter. Allah said next,
(Say: “With Allah is the perfect proof and argument; had He so willed, He would indeed have guided you all.”) Allah said to His Prophet
(Say) O Muhammad, to them,
(“With Allah is the perfect proof and argument. ..”) the perfect wisdom and unequivocal proof to guide whom He wills and misguide whom He wills.
(had He so willed, He would indeed have guided you all.) All of this happens accordng to His decree, His will, and His choice. So in this way, He is pleased with the believers, and angry with the disbelievers. Allah said in other Ayat,
(And had Allah willed, He could have gathered them together (all) on true guidance,) ﴿6:35﴾ and
(And had your Lord willed, those on earth would have believed, all of them together.) ﴿10:99﴾ and,
(And if your Lord had so willed, He could surely have made mankind one Ummah, but they will not cease to disagree. Except him on whom your Lord has bestowed His mercy and for that did He create them. And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled: “Surely, I shall fill Hell with Jinns and men all together.”) ﴿11:118-119﴾ Ad-Dahhak said, “No one has an excuse if he disobeys Allah. Surely, Allah has the perfect proof established against His servants.” Allah said,
(Bring forward your witnesses,) produce your witnesses,
(who can testify that Allah has forbidden this.) which you have forbidden and lied and invented about Allah in this regard,
(Then if they testify, do not testify with them.) because in this case, their testimony is false and untrue,
(And do not follow the vain desires of those who belie Our Ayat, and such as believe not in the Hereafter, and they hold others as equal with their Lord.) by associating others with Allah in worship and treating them as equals to Him.
124. Their apology for their crimes and misdeeds would be that which has always been advanced by criminals and wrong-doers – an apology based on the assumption of absolute determinism. They would plead that when they associated others with God in His divinity, or unwarrantedly regarded certain things as prohibited, they did so because those acts had been willed for them by God. Had He not so willed, they would not have been able to do what they did. Hence, since they were doing everything according to the will of God, everything was proper. If anyone was to blame, it was God and not they. They were under compulsion to do what they did, for the ability to do otherwise lay beyond their power.
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