Transliteration:( Allazeena yunfiqoona fissarraaa'i waddarraaa'i wal kaazimeenal ghaiza wal aafeena 'anin-naas; wallaahu yuhibbul muhsineen )
"Who spend money in the way of Allah during prosperity and adversity [286], and who restrain anger and pardon men [287]. And Allah loves those who are virtuous [288]."
This verse refers to those who spend in the way of Allah both in times of prosperity and times of adversity. For example, giving charity as thanksgiving on occasions like marriage or when receiving divine bounties is considered charity in prosperity. On the other hand, spending in sorrowful moments, such as during bereavement for the purpose of Esaale Sawaab (conveying reward to the deceased), or giving charity during hardship to ward off calamities, is known as charity in adversity. In both cases, it is regarded as spending in the path of Allah.
This verse encourages forgiving others and restraining anger, but it must be understood that this applies only to matters involving personal rights. One can pardon a wrong done against oneself, but the rights of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ cannot be forgiven by individuals. For instance, an apostate must be punished, and a thief’s hand must be cut off in accordance with divine law. The objective of this verse is to promote forgiveness in interpersonal matters, not in divinely ordained punishments.
According to Fuzail ibn Ayyaz, to return kindness with kindness is fair and expected, and repaying evil with evil is justified as punishment. But the true virtue lies in doing good in return for evil, which reflects generosity and high moral character. On the other hand, doing evil in response to good is the height of wickedness. In this verse, Allah praises those who respond to harm with forgiveness and kindness, calling them virtuous (muhsineen).
The tafsir of Surah Imran verse 134 by Ibn Kathir is unavailable here.
Please refer to Surah Imran ayat 130 which provides the complete commentary from verse 131 through 136.
(3:134) who spend in the way of Allah both in plenty and hardship, who restrain their anger, and forgive others. Allah loves such good-doers.” [99]
99. The existence of interest in a society generates two kinds of moral disease. It breeds greed and avarice, meanness and selfishness among those who receive interest. At the same time, those who have to pay interest develop strong feelings of hatred, resentment, spite and jealousy. God intimates to the believers that the attributes bred by the spread of interest are the exact opposite of those which develop as a result of spending in the way of God, and that it is through the latter rather than the former that man can achieve God’s forgiveness and Paradise. For further explanation see (Surah Al-Baqarah, ayat 276) note 320.
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