Transliteration:( Yaaa Ahlal Kitaabi limaa tuhaaajjoona feee Ibraaheema wa maaa unzilatit Tawraatu wal Injeelu illaa mim ba'dih; afala ta'qiloon )
141. A debate had taken place between the Nasara and Yahud of Najraan regarding Hazrat Ebrahim (On whom be peace). The Yahud had claimed that he was a Jew, therefore Judaism is superior than Christianity. The Nasara on the other hand, claimed that Hazrat Ebrahim (On whom be peace) was Christian. Eventually, both went to the Holy Prophet andmade him their judge in this matter. This verse was revealed on this occasion which exposed the childish ignorance of both, because Judaism came with Hazrat Musa (On whom be peace) and Christianity after Hazrat Isa (On whom be peace) and as Hazrat Ebrahim (On whom be peace) was many centuries before both of them, how could he be either Jew or Christian?
142. From this we learn that to exonerate the pious of their blame is the way of Allah Almighty, while to support their greatness is an excellent virtue. Says Allah Almighty: "Ebrahim (On whom be peace) was neither a Jew nor a Christian" (S3:V67). Further, it is said: "Sulaiman (On whom be peace) did not commit apostasy" (S2:V102). We further learn that sometimes a historical occurrence becomes a source of faith and showing callous disregard for it can become a means of apostasy and false beliefs. The Jewish claim that Hazrat Ebrahim (On who be peace) was a Jew reveals their ignorance of historical data.
65. O people of the Scripture! Why do you dispute about Ibrahim, while the Tawrah and the Injil were not revealed till after him Have you then no sense 66. Verily, you are those who have disputed about that of which you have knowledge. Why do you then dispute concerning that of which you have no knowledge It is Allah Who knows, and you know not. 67. Ibrahim was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was a true Muslim Hanifa and he was not of the Mushrikin 68. Verily, among mankind who have the best claim to Ibrahim are those who followed him, and this Prophet and those who have believed. And Allah is the Wali (Protector and Helper) of the believers.
Allah censures the Jews and Christians for their dispute with Muslims over Ibrahim Al-Khalil and the claim each group made that he was one of them. Muhammad bin Ishaq bin Yasar reported that Ibn `Abbas said, “The Christians of Najran and Jewish rabbis gathered before the Messenger of Allah and disputed in front of him. The rabbis said, `Ibrahim was certainly Jewish.’ The Christians said, `Certainly, Ibrahim was Christian.’ So Allah sent down,
(O people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians)! Why do you dispute about Ibrahim,) meaning, `How is it that you, Jews, claim that Ibrahim was Jew, although he lived before Allah sent down the Tawrah to Musa How is it that you, Christians, claim that Ibrahim was Christian, although Christianity came after his time†This is why Allah said,
(Have you then no sense)
Allah then said,
(Verily, you are those who have disputed about that of which you have knowledge. Why do you then dispute concerning that of which you have no knowledge)
This Ayah criticizes those who argue and dispute without knowledge, just as the Jews and Christians did concerning Ibrahim. Had they disputed about their religions, which they had knowledge of, and about the Law that was legislated for them until Muhammad was sent, it would have been better for them. Rather, they disputed about what they had no knowledge of, so Allah criticized them for this behavior. Allah commanded them to refer what they have no knowledge of to He Who knows the seen and unseen matters and Who knows the true reality of all things. This is why Allah said,
(It is Allah Who knows, and you know not.)
Allah said,
(Ibrahim was neither a Jew nor a Christian, but he was a true Muslim Hanifa), shunning Shirk and living in Iman,
(and he was not of the Mushrikin.)
This Ayah is similar to the Ayah in Surat Al-Baqarah,
(And they say, “Be Jews or Christians, then you will be guided…â€) ï´¿2:135ï´¾.
Allah said next,
(Verily, among mankind who have the best claim to Ibrahim are those who followed him, and this Prophet and those who have believed. And Allah is the Wali (Protector and Helper) of the believers.)
This Ayah means, “The people who have the most right to be followers of Ibrahim are those who followed his religion and this Prophet, Muhammad , and his Companions from the Muhajirin, Ansar and those who followed their lead.†Sa`id bin Mansur recorded that Ibn Mas`ud said that the Messenger of Allah said,
(Every Prophet had a Wali (supporter, best friend) from among the Prophets. My Wali among them is my father Ibrahim, the Khalil (intimate friend) of my Lord, the Exalted and Most Honored)
The Prophet then recited,
(Verily, among mankind who have the best claim to Ibrahim are those who followed him…)
Allah’s statement,
(And Allah is the Wali (Protector and Helper) of the believers.) means, Allah is the Protector of all those who believe in His Messengers.
58. That is, both Judaism and Christianity came into existence after the Torah and the Injil had been revealed; Abraham had lived much earlier than that. Thus it can easily be grasped that the religion of Abraham could not have been that of either Judaism or Christianity. If Abraham was on the right path and had attained salvation it is obvious that one need not follow either, Judaism or Christianity in order to be on the right path and to attain salvation. See also (Surah Al-Baqarah, ayat 135) note 135 and (Surah Al-Baqarah, ayat 140) note 141.
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