Transliteration:( Yaa Baneee Israaa'eela qad anjainaakum min 'aduw wikum wa wa'adnaakum jaanibat Tooril aimana wa nazzalnaa 'alaikumul Manna was Salwaa )
O Children of Israel! No doubt, We delivered [105] you from your enemy and gave you the promise [106] of the right side of Mount Toor, and sent down Salwa and Manna on you. [107]
The word ‘Adoo (enemy) in Arabic denotes both singular and plural, referring to Pharaoh and all his men.
This highlights the complete destruction of the enemies of Bani Israel, whom Allah rescued through His mercy.
The “right side of Mount Toor” refers to a portion of the mountain path on the way from Egypt to Syria, not to the mountain having a right or left in itself.
Allah had instructed Hazrat Musa (peace be upon him) to observe I’tikāf (seclusion) on that side, where he would then receive the Torah.
Because the Prophet represents his Ummah, the promise made to him was a promise extended to all of Bani Israel.
When Bani Israel were stranded in the desert of Teeha, with no access to food or water, Allah sent down:
Manna – a sweet heavenly food,
Salwa – savory meatballs or quail,
to satisfy their hunger and thirst, showing Divine care even in hardship.
80. O Children of Israel! We delivered you from your enemy, and We made a covenant with you on the right side of the Mount, and We sent down to you manna and quail, 81. (Saying) eat of the Tayyibat wherewith We have provided you, and commit no transgression or oppression therein, lest My anger should justly descend on you. And he on whom My anger descends, he is indeed perished. 82. And verily, I am indeed forgiving to him who repents, believes and does righteous deeds, and then Ihtada.
Allah’s Favors upon Them Allah reminds of His tremendous favors upon the Children of Israel and His numerous blessings. He saved them from their enemy, Fir`awn, and He relieved their eyes by drowning him and his hosts all at one time while they watched. Allah said,
(And We drowned Fir`awn people while you were looking.) ﴿2:50﴾ Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, “When the Messenger of Allah came to Al-Madinah, he found the Jews fasting the day of `Ashura’. Therefore he asked them about it and they said, `This is the day that Allah gave Musa victory over Fir`awn.’ Then, the Prophet said,
(We have more right to Musa (than them), so fast it.) Muslim also recorded this narration in his Sahih. Then, Allah made a covenant with Musa and the Children of Israel on the right side of the Mountain, after the destruction of Fir`awn. This is the Mountain upon which Allah spoke to Musa and He told Musa’s people to look at it when they requested to see Allah. It is also the same Mountain upon which Musa was given the Tawrah, while at the same time the Children of Israel began worshipping the (statue of a) calf, as Allah relates in the forth coming Ayat. The manna and quails have previously been discussed in Surah Al-Baqarah and other Surahs. Manna was a sweet substance that descended upon them from the sky and the quail ﴿Salwa﴾ was a type of bird that would fall down to them. They would fill every pot with them as ample provisions until the following day. This was a kindness and a mercy from Allah upon them. It was a manifestation of Allah’s good treatment of them. For this reason Allah says,
(Eat of the Tayyibat wherewith We have provided you, and commit no transgression or oppression therein, lest My anger should justly descend on you.) This means, “Eat from this sustenance which I have provided for you, and do not transgress against My sustenance by taking it without necessity or you will be opposing what I have commanded you.”
(lest My anger should justly descend on you.) This means, “I will become angry with you.”
(And he on whom My anger descends, he is indeed perished.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah related that Ibn `Abbas said, “This means that he will indeed be made miserable.” Concerning Allah’s statement,
(And verily, I am indeed forgiving to him who repents, believes and does righteous good deeds,) meaning, “Whoever turns to Me in repentance, then I will accept his repentance regardless of whatever sin he did.” Allah, the Exalted, even accepts the repentance of the Children of Israel who worshipped the calf. Concerning Allah’s statement,
(who repents,) This means to turn away from what one was involved in of disbelief, associating partners with Allah, disobedience of Allah or hypocrisy. Concerning Allah’s statement,
(and believes) This means the person’s belief in his heart.
(and does righteous deeds,) his action with his bodily limbs. Concerning Allah’s statement,
(and then Ihtada.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah related that Ibn `Abbas said, “This means that he then does not doubt.” Qatadah said,
(and then Ihtada.) “This means he adheres to Islam until he dies.” We see here that there is a specific order in which these things are presented. This is similar to Allah’s saying,
(Then he became one of those who believed and recommended one another to perseverance and patience and recommended one another to pity and compassion.) ﴿90:17﴾
(20:80) Children of Israel![56] We saved you from your enemy and made a covenant with you on the right side of the Mount[57][58] and sent down on you manna and quails,[59]
56. The part of the story relating to their journey from the Red Sea to the foot of Mount Toor has been omitted. This has already been given in (Surah Al-Aaraf, Ayat 138-147). It has also been stated there that the Israelites said to Moses: O Moses, make a god for us like the gods these people have. See (Surah Al-Aaraf, Ayat 138) note 98.
57. That is, on the eastern side of Toor.
58. According to (Surah Al-Baqarah, Ayat 51) and (Surah Al-Aaraf, Ayat 142), Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) and the chiefs of the Israelites were summoned to Mount Toor for receiving the divine commandments on stone tablets for the guidance of the people. See (Surah Al-Baqarah, ayat 56) note 71.
59. For details please see (Surah Al-Baqarah, ayat 57) note 73 and (Surah Al-Aaraf, ayat 160) note 119. According to the Bible, manna and salva started being provided to the Israelites when they were passing through the wilderness between Elim and Sinai. According to Exodus, manna and salva were sent down thus.
And it came to pass, that at even the quails came up, and covered the camp: and in the morning the dew lay round about the host. And when the dew that lay was gone up, behold upon the face of the wilderness there lay a small round thing, as small as the hoar frost on the ground. And when the children of Israel saw it, they said one to another, It is manna: for they wist not what it was. And Moses said unto them, This is the bread which the Lord hath given you to eat. And the house of Israel called the name thereof manna: and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey. (16: 13-15, 31).
In Numbers, the following details have been given:
And the people went about, and gathered it, and ground it in mills, or beat it in a mortar, and baked it in pans, and made cakes of it: and the taste of it was as the taste of fresh oil. And when the dew fell upon the camp in the bight, the manna fell upon it. (11: 8-9).
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